插入测试数据
PUT /forum/article/_bulk { "index": { "_id": 1 }} { "articleID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3", "userID" : 1, "hidden": false, "postDate": "2017-01-01" } { "index": { "_id": 2 }} { "articleID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5", "userID" : 1, "hidden": false, "postDate": "2017-01-02" } { "index": { "_id": 3 }} { "articleID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7", "userID" : 2, "hidden": false, "postDate": "2017-01-01" } { "index": { "_id": 4 }} { "articleID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8", "userID" : 2, "hidden": true, "postDate": "2017-01-02" }
查看生成的mapping：
GET /forum/_mapping/article
结果（articleID除了显示type外，还有一个fields显示）：
{ "forum": { "mappings": { "article": { "properties": { "articleID": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "hidden": { "type": "boolean" }, "postDate": { "type": "date" }, "userID": { "type": "long" } } } } } }
查询id为2的精确匹配
GET /forum/article/_search { "query": { "constant_score": { "filter": { "term": { "userID": "1" } }, "boost": 1.2 } } }
constant_score:返回确切的得分
query+constant_score+filter+term：查找
term和terms的区别：terms是term的复数形式，用法 "terms": {"userID": ["1","2"]}，term精确匹配一个，而terms是精确匹配多个值。
查询articleID
GET /forum/article/_search { "query": { "constant_score": { "filter": { "term": { "articleID":"XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }, "boost": 1.2 } } }
引用语句：结果为空。因为articleID.keyword，是ES最新版本内置建立的field，就是不分词的。所以一个articleID过来的时候，会建立两次索引。一次是自己本身（articleID），是要分词的，分词后放入倒排索引；另一次是基于articleID.keyword，不分词，最多保留256字符，直接一个完整的字符串放入倒排索引中。
所以term filter，对text过滤，可以考虑使用内置的field.keyword来进行匹配。但是有个问题，默认就保留256字符，所以尽可能还是自己去手动建立索引，指定not_analyzed吧，在最新版本的es中，不需要指定not_analyzed也可以，将type=keyword即可。
自己的理解：term是精确查找，去找XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3。
问题是创建索引的时候，默认对text进行分词后简历索引。所以查询不到。
但是keyword是未被分词后索引，索引这种查找能查询出来。
解决方法：
GET /forum/article/_search { "query": { "constant_score": { "filter": { "term": { "articleID.keyword":"XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }, "boost": 1.2 } } }
更深度的理解，分词后的索引：
GET /forum/_analyze { "field": "articleID", "text": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
结果：
{ "tokens": [ { "token": "xhdk", "start_offset": 0, "end_offset": 4, "type": "<ALPHANUM>", "position": 0 }, { "token": "a", "start_offset": 5, "end_offset": 6, "type": "<ALPHANUM>", "position": 1 }, { "token": "1293", "start_offset": 7, "end_offset": 11, "type": "<NUM>", "position": 2 }, { "token": "fj3", "start_offset": 13, "end_offset": 16, "type": "<ALPHANUM>", "position": 3 } ] }
多条件查询一：select * from forum.article where (post_date='2017-01-01' or article_id='XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3') and post_date!='2017-01-02'
GET /forum/article/_search { "query": { "constant_score": { "filter": { "bool": { "should" : [ {"term" : {"postDate" : "2017-01-01"}}, {"term" : {"articleID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"}} ], "must_not" : { "term" : {"postDate" : "2017-01-02"} } } } } } }
多条件查询二：select * from forum.article where article_id='XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3' or (article_id='JODL-X-1937-#pV7' and post_date='2017-01-01')
GET /forum/article/_search { "query": { "constant_score": { "filter": { "bool": { "should" : [ { "term" : {"articleID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"} }, { "bool" : { "must" : [ {"term" : {"articleID.keyword" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"}}, {"term" : {"postDate" : "2017-01-01"}} ] } } ] } } } } }