boost 1.59.0编译及使用
1、下载：
网址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/
选择：boost_1_59_0.7z或者boost_1_59_0.zip （Windows 8.1企业版操作系统）;
boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2 ( Linux内核操作系统——Ubuntu 14.04（编译器使用自带的GCC 4.8.2）)。
2、编译：
- 2.1 Ubuntu 14.04操作系统编译安装boost 1.59.0：
2.1.1 快速安装Boost：
在Linux内核的操作系统下安装boost 1.59.0很容易，最简单的方式是在Boost解压缩后的目录下直接执行命令：
./bootstrap.sh ./b2 install
第一条命令语句booststrap.sh是编译前的配置工作，第二条命令b2开始真正的编译并安装Boost。由于未指定额外选项，Boost将编译Release版本的库文件，把头文件安装到/usr/local/include,库文件安装到/usr/local/lib。
2.1.2 完整安装Boost：
完整编译Boost，使用buildtype选项指定编译类型（如不指定默认使用release模式），在bootstrap.sh之后执行如下命令：
./b2 --buildtype=complete install
这样将开始对Boost的完整编译，安装所有调试版、发行版的静态库和动态库。
2.1.3 定制安装Boost：
完整编译Boost费时费力，在实际开发中这些库也不会都用到，因此，Boost也允许用户自行选择要编译的库。执行命令：
./b2 --show-libraries
可查看所有必须编译才能使用的库。
在完全编译的基础上，可使用--with或者--without选项打开或者关闭某个库的编译，如：
./b2 --with-date_time --buildtype=complete install
将仅编译安装date_time库。
一般可使用如下安装命令：
sudo ./b2 link=static install #编译安装所有静态库
- 2.2 Windows 8.1操作系统安装配置boost 1.59.0：
直接在官网：http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost-binaries/1.59.0/ ，下载：boost_1_59_0-msvc-12.0-64.exe，然后解压配置即可。
boost_1_59_0-msvc-12.0-64.exe Visual Studio 2013 64位版本的boost库。
error 解决：
一：使用需要python库
否则出现如下error：
./boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp:50:23: fatal error: pyconfig.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
"g++" -ftemplate-depth-128 -O3 -finline-functions -Wno-inline -Wall -march=i686 -pthread -fPIC -m32 -DBOOST_ALL_NO_LIB=1 -DBOOST_PYTHON_SOURCE -DNDEBUG -I"." -I"/usr/include/python2.7" -c -o "bin.v2/libs/python/build/gcc-5.4.0/release/threading-multi/object/function_doc_signature.o" "libs/python/src/object/function_doc_signature.cpp"
...failed gcc.compile.c++ bin.v2/libs/python/build/gcc-5.4.0/release/threading-multi/object/function_doc_signature.o...
..failed updating 58 targets...
...skipped 12 targets...
...updated 11810 targets...
使用
sudo apt-get install python-dev
bzlib.h: No such file or directory
理论上，本文适用于boost的各个版本，尤其是最新版本1.48.0；适用于各种C++编译器，如VC6.0（部分库不支持），VS2003，VS2005，VS2008，VS2010，gcc，C++ Builder等。
1.下载boost源文件
http://www.boost.org/users/download/
2.安装
cd /home/boost_1_48_0/
首先需要编译bjam： ./bootstrap.sh --prefix=/home/boost-1.48.0/sdk/ 设置库安装路径
通过bjam编码boost库： ./bjam install
3.设置环境变量
在/etc/profile.d新建可执行文件boost.sh,添加文件内容：
#!/bin/sh BOOST_INCLUDE=/home/boost-1.48.0/sdk/include/boost BOOST_LIB==/home/boost-1.48.0/sdk/lib export BOOST_INCLUDE BOOST_LIB
命令行执行：source /etc/profile.d/boost.sh
以后在编译程序时，只需要用：-I$BOOST_INCLUDE -L$BOOST_LIB 即可，还要使用-l指定了链接库。
然后， /etc/ld.so.conf 文件添加so库的环境变量 /home/boost-1.48.0/sdk/lib（主要关键问题）
修改完成后，通过ldconfig命令进行重启
4.遇到的问题及解决方案
安装过程出现很多和bz及Python库相关的错误，解决方案如下
命令方式
sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev yum install python-dev或 yum install libbz2-dev yum install python-dev
图像界面方式
点击Applications---->Add/Remove Software 去安装这个包文件
PS 安装过程中的错误：
libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:20:56: error: bzlib.h: 没有那个文件或目录 libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:31: error: ‘BZ_OK’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:32: error: ‘BZ_RUN_OK’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:33: error: ‘BZ_FLUSH_OK’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:34: error: ‘BZ_FINISH_OK’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:35: error: ‘BZ_STREAM_END’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:36: error: ‘BZ_SEQUENCE_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:37: error: ‘BZ_PARAM_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:38: error: ‘BZ_MEM_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:39: error: ‘BZ_DATA_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:40: error: ‘BZ_DATA_ERROR_MAGIC’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:41: error: ‘BZ_IO_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:42: error: ‘BZ_UNEXPECTED_EOF’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:43: error: ‘BZ_OUTBUFF_FULL’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:44: error: ‘BZ_CONFIG_ERROR’ was not declared in this scope libs/iostreams/src/bzip2.cpp:48: error: ‘BZ_FINISH’ was not declared in this scope //mostly like above....
./boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp:50:23: error: pyconfig.h: No such file or directory
./boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp:75:24: error: patchlevel.h: No such file or directory
./boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp:78:2: error: #error Python 2.2 or higher is required for this version of Boost.Python.
./boost/python/detail/wrap_python.hpp:142:21: error: Python.h: No such file or directory
./boost/python/instance_holder.hpp:34: error: ‘PyObject’ has not been declared
./boost/python/instance_holder.hpp:41: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘(’ token
./boost/python/instance_holder.hpp:45: error: ‘PyObject’ has not been declared
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:21: error: expected initializer before ‘*’ token
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:23: error: expected initializer before ‘*’ token
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:30: error: expected initializer before ‘*’ token
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:34: error: expected initializer before ‘*’ token
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:43: error: ‘PyObject’ has not been declared
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:44: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of ‘PyObject’ with no type
./boost/python/detail/wrapper_base.hpp:44: error: ‘PyObject’ is neither function nor member function; cannot be declared friend
windows下编译安装boost.
先生成bjam，要在vs附带的命令行下执行才可以，在cmd下运行bat可能会卡主不动
bjam stage --toolset=msvc-9.0 --without-graph --without-graph_parallel --without-math --without-mpi --without-python --without-serialization --without-wave --stagedir="E:oost_1_49" link=static runtime-link=static threading=multi debug release
默认为32位版本，编译成64位：
bjam stage --toolset=msvc-9.0 --without-graph --without-graph_parallel --without-math --without-mpi --without-python --without-serialization --without-wave --stagedir="E:oost_1_49_new" link=static runtime-link=static threading=multi address-model=64 debug release
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