摘要：
˃////1////使用｛XmlSerializerxz=newXmlSerializer；Product=xz.DeserializiesProduct；｝反序列化安慰WriteLine//1,53.集合的序列化和反序列化//序列化ListList=newList（）｛newProduct（）｛｛ProductID=1，DisCount=5｝，newBookProduct（）｝｛ProductID＝1，DisCount＝3，ISBN＝“aaaa”｝；Inventoryinversion=newInventory｛InventoryItems=list.ToArray（）｝；strings=“”；使用{XmlSerializerxz=newXmlSerializer；xz.Serialize；s=sw.ToString（）；}Console.WriteLine；//˂？
一、使用 System.Xml.Serialization类
1、定义元数据
引入System.Xml.Serialization命名空间。
XML序列化常用属性：
- XmlRoot
- XmlType
- XmlText
- XmlEnum
[Serializable] [XmlRoot] public class Product { public int ProductID { set; get; }//默认为[XmlElement("ProductID")] [XmlAttribute("Discount")] public int DisCount { set; get; } } public class BookProduct : Product { public BookProduct() { } public string ISBN { get; set; } } [XmlRoot("inv")] public class Inventory { public Inventory() { } [XmlArray("allpro")] [XmlArrayItem("prod", typeof(Product)), XmlArrayItem("book", typeof(BookProduct))] public Product[] InventroyItems { set; get; } }
2、简单序列化与反序列化
//序列化
Product product = new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount = 5 }; string s = ""; using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Product)); xz.Serialize(sw, product); s = sw.ToString(); } Console.WriteLine(s);//<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
//<Product xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" Discount="5">
// <ProductID>1</ProductID>
//</Product>
//反序列化 using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s)) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Product)); product = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Product; } Console.WriteLine(product .ProductID.ToString() + ", " + product.DisCount); //1, 5
3、集合的序列化与反序列化
//序列化
List<Product> list = new List<Product>(){ new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =5 }, new BookProduct() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =3, ISBN="aaaa"} }; Inventory invertoy = new Inventory { InventroyItems = list.ToArray() }; string s = ""; using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory)); xz.Serialize(sw, invertoy); s = sw.ToString(); } Console.WriteLine(s);
//<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
//<inv xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
// <allpro>
// <prod Discount="5">
// <ProductID>1</ProductID>
// </prod>
// <book Discount="3">
// <ProductID>1</ProductID>
// <ISBN>aaaa</ISBN>
// </book>
// </allpro>
//</inv>
//反序列化using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s)) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory)); invertoy = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Inventory; } Console.WriteLine(invertoy.InventroyItems[0].ProductID.ToString() + ", " + invertoy.InventroyItems[0].DisCount); //1, 5
4、在不能更改数据的情况下，可以用代码重载 XmlAttributeOverrides
List<Product> list = new List<Product>(){ new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =5 }, new BookProduct() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =3, ISBN="aaaa"} }; Inventory invertoy = new Inventory { InventroyItems = list.ToArray() }; string s = ""; //序列化 using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()) { XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes(); attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("product1", typeof(Product))); attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("book1", typeof(BookProduct))); XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides(); attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Inventory), "InventroyItems", attrs); XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory), attrOverrides); xz.Serialize(sw, invertoy); s = sw.ToString(); } Console.WriteLine(s); //<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> //<inv xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> // <product1 Discount="5"> // <ProductID>1</ProductID> // </product1> // <book1 Discount="3"> // <ProductID>1</ProductID> // <ISBN>aaaa</ISBN> // </book1> //</inv> //反序列化 using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s)) { XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes(); attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("product1", typeof(Product))); attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("book1", typeof(BookProduct))); XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides(); attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Inventory), "InventroyItems", attrs); XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory), attrOverrides); invertoy = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Inventory; } Console.WriteLine(invertoy.InventroyItems[0].ProductID.ToString() + ", " + invertoy.InventroyItems[0].DisCount); //1, 5
5、通用类
void Main() { //序列化 Product product = new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount = 5 }; string s = UserQuery.SimpleSerializer.Serialize(product); Console.WriteLine(s); //反序列化 product = UserQuery.SimpleSerializer.Deserialize<Product>(typeof(UserQuery.Product), s); Console.WriteLine(product.ProductID.ToString() + ", " + product.DisCount); //1, 5 } public class SimpleSerializer { /// <summary> /// 序列化对象 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam> /// <param name="t">对象</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Serialize<T>(T t) { using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(t.GetType()); xz.Serialize(sw, t); return sw.ToString(); } } /// <summary> /// 反序列化为对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="type">对象类型</param> /// <param name="s">对象序列化后的Xml字符串</param> /// <returns></returns> public static T Deserialize<T>(Type type, string s) where T : class { using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s)) { XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(type); return xz.Deserialize(sr) as T; } } }
二、用DataContractSerialize类序列化XML
1、层次结构
基类：XmlObjectSerializer
派生类：
- DataContractSerializer
- NetDataContractSerializer
- DataContractJsonSerializer
需要引入的程序集：
- System.Runtime.Serialization.dll
- System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives.dll
2、实体类
//订单类[DataContract(Name = "order", Namespace = "http://a/order")] //[KnownType(typeof(order))] public class Order { public Order(Guid id, Product product) { this.OrderID = id; this.Product = product; } [DataMember(Name = "id", Order = 2)] public Guid OrderID { set; get; } [DataMember] public Product Product { set; get; } }
//产品类 [DataContract(Name = "product", Namespace = "http://a/product")] //IsRequired=false,EmitDefaultValue=false public class Product { public Product(Guid id, string productArea) { this.ProductID = id; this.productArea = productArea; } [DataMember(Name = "id", Order = 1)] public Guid ProductID { set; get; } [DataMember] private string productArea { set; get; } //私有属性也可以序列化。 }
3、序列化与反序列化
Product product = new Product(Guid.NewGuid(), "XiaMen"); Order order = new Order(Guid.NewGuid(), product);
string filename = @"C:s.xml"; using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create)) { DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Order)); using (XmlDictionaryWriter writer = XmlDictionaryWriter.CreateTextWriter(fs)) { serializer.WriteObject(writer, order); } } Process.Start(filename); using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open)) { DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Order)); using (XmlDictionaryReader reader = XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(fs, new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas())) { order = serializer.ReadObject(reader) as Order; } }
得到的XML内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <order xmlns="http://a/order" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Product xmlns:a="http://a/product"> <a:productArea>XiaMen</a:productArea> <a:id>d3b4c977-d052-4fd4-8f59-272e56d875a8</a:id> </Product> <id>96d0bb44-cee4-41b6-ae20-5d801c1b3dc9</id> </order>