oracle中的用户详解 【转】

摘要:
oracle中有很多用户,这对初学者来说也是非常困惑的。oracle中的帐户分为两类:一类是必需的帐户,另一类是存储各种应用程序的用户名和密码的帐户。匿名用户帐户CTXSYSCTXSYSinterMediaText用户DBSNMPDBSNMP目录集成平台用户EXFSYSEXFSYS表达式筛选器用户MDDATAMDDATAOracle空间数据帐户MDSYSMDSYSo
 
oracle中的用户很多,也很令初学者费解.
oracle中的帐户分为两类:一类是必需的帐户,一类是存储各种应用的帐户

用户名密码描述
ANONYMOUSANONYMOUS访问http的匿名用户帐户
CTXSYSCTXSYSinterMedia Text用户
DBSNMPDBSNMP目录集成平台用户
EXFSYSEXFSYS表达式过滤器用户
MDDATAMDDATAoracle空间数据帐户
MDSYSMDSYSoracle空间数据媒体管理员
MGMT_VIEWMGMT_VIEW 
OLAPSYSMANGER用于创建olap元数据
ORDPLUGINSORDPLUGINSoracle ineterMedia,video用户
ORDSYSORDSYSimage管理员
OUTLNOUTLN拥有connect和resource角色
SCOTTTiger样例帐户
SI_INFORMATN_SCHEMA 静止图像浏览帐户
SYS用户指定数据库管理帐户
SYSMANOEM_TEMP企业管理器帐户
SYSTEM用户指定数据库管理帐户
WK_TESTWK_TEST同wksys
WKPROXY 代理帐户
WKSYSWKSYS同wk_test
WMSYSWMSYS工作空间管理帐户
XDBCHANGE_ON_INSTALLxml db帐户
   
   
   

默认情况下oracle指对sys,system,dbsnmp,sysman,mgmt_view5个帐户进行了解锁,如果希望其它用户也能登录需要手工进行解锁

show user  显示当前登录系统的用户名
select username,account_status,expiry_date from dba_user; 查看用户状态
alter user outln account unlock; 解锁帐户
grant connect 帖哦outln identified by 123; 用户授权



SCHEMA OVERVIEW


ANONYMOUS
Purpose:
o Account that allows HTTP access to Oracle XML DB. It is used in place of the APEX_PUBLIC_USER account when the Embedded PL/SQL Gateway (EPG) is installed in the database. EPG is a Web server that can be used with Oracle Database. It provides the necessary infrastructure to create dynamic applications. See also XDB.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catqm.sql


APEX_030200
Purpose:
o Part of the Oracle Application Express Suite - (Oracle APEX, previously named Oracle HTML DB) which is a freeware software development environment. It allows a fast development cycle to be achieved to create web based applications. The account owns the Application Express schema and metadata. See also APEX_PUBLIC_USER and FLOW_FILES.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/apex/apexins.sql


APEX_PUBLIC_USER
Purpose:
o Part of the Oracle Application Express Suite - (Oracle APEX, previously named Oracle HTML DB) which is a freeware software development environment. It allows a fast development cycle to be achieved to create web based applications. This minimally privileged account is used for Application Express configuration with Oracle HTTP Server and mod_plsql. See also APEX_030200 and FLOW_FILES.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/apex/apexins.sql


APPQOSSYS
Purpose:
o Used for storing/managing all data and metadata required by Oracle Quality of Service Management.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_ADMIN/rdbms/admin/catqos.sql


BI
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Business Intelligence schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas. See also HR, OE, SH, IX and PM.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/bus_intelligence/bi_main.sql


CTXSYS
Purpose:
o The account used to administer Oracle Text. Oracle Text enables the building of text query applications and document classification applications. It provides indexing, word and theme searching, and viewing capabilities for text.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ctx/admin/ctxsys.sql


DBSNMP
Purpose:
o The account used by the Management Agent component of Oracle Enterprise Manager to monitor and manage the database. Password is created at installation or database creation time.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catnsnmp.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catsnmp.sql


DIP
Purpose:
o The account used by the Directory Integration Platform. (DIP) to synchronize the changes in Oracle Internet Directory with the applications in the database.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catdip.sql


EXFSYS
Purpose:
o The account used internally to access the EXFSYS schema, which is associated with the Rules Manager and Expression Filter feature. This feature enables the building of complex PL/SQL rules and expressions. The EXFSYS schema contains the Rules Manager and Expression Filter DDL, DML, and associated metadata.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/exfsys.sql


FLOW_FILES
Purpose:
o Part of the Oracle Application Express Suite - (Oracle APEX, previously named Oracle HTML DB) which is a freeware software development environment. It allows a fast development cycle to be achieved to create web based applications. This account owns the Application Express uploaded files. See also APEX_030200 and APEX_PUBLIC_USER.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/apex/apexins.sql


HR
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Human Resources schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas. See also BI, OE, SH, IX and PM.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/human_resources/hr_main.sql


IX
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Information Transport schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas. See also BI, HR, OE, SH and PM.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/info_exchange/ix_main.sql


MDDATA
Purpose:
o The schema used by Oracle Spatial for storing Geocoder and router data. See also SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR , SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR and MDSYS.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/md/admin/catmd.sql


MDSYS
Purpose:
o The Oracle Spatial and Oracle Multimedia Locator administrator account. See also SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR , MDDATA and SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ord/admin/ordinst.sql


MGMT_VIEW
Purpose:
o An account used by Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control. Password is randomly generated at installation or database creation time. Users do not need to know this password.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/admin/emdrep/bin/RepManager


OE
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Order Entry schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas. See also BI, HR, SH, IX and PM.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ demo/schema/order_entry/oe_main.sql


OLAPSYS
Purpose:
o The account that owns the OLAP Catalog (CWMLite). This account has been deprecated, but is retained for backward compatibility.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/olap/admin/amdsys.sql


ORACLE_OCM
Purpose:
o This account contains the instrumentation for configuration collection used by the Oracle Configuration Manager.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catocm.sql


ORDDATA
Purpose:
o This account contains the Oracle Multimedia DICOM data model.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ord/admin/ordisysc.sql


ORDPLUGINS
Purpose:
o The Oracle Multimedia user. Plug-ins supplied by Oracle and third-party, format plug-ins are installed in this schema. Oracle Multimedia enables Oracle Database to store, manage, and retrieve images, audio, video, DICOM format medical images and other objects, or other heterogeneous media data integrated with other enterprise information. See also ORDSYS and SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ord/admin/ordinst.sql


ORDSYS
Purpose:
o The Oracle Multimedia administrator account. See also ORDPLUGINS and SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ord/admin/ordinst.sql


OUTLN
Purpose:
o The account that supports plan stability. Plan stability prevents certain database environment changes from affecting the performance characteristics of applications by preserving execution plans in stored outlines. OUTLN acts as a role to centrally manage metadata associated with stored outlines.
Safe To Remove:
o No
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq. Recover from backup or recreate the database.


OWBSYS
Purpose:
o The account for administrating the Oracle Warehouse Builder repository. Access this account during the installation process to define the base language of the repository and to define Warehouse Builder workspaces and users. A data warehouse is a relational or multidimensional database that is designed for query and analysis. See also OWBSYS_AUDIT.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/owb/UnifiedRepos/cat_owb.sql


OWBSYS_AUDIT
Purpose:
o This account is used by the Warehouse Builder Control Center Agent to access the heterogeneous execution audit tables in the OWBSYS schema.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/owb/UnifiedRepos/cat_owb.sql


PM
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Product Media schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas. See also BI, HR, OE, SH and IX.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/product_media/pm_main.sql


SCOTT
Purpose:
o An account used by Oracle sample programs and examples.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql


SH
Purpose:
o The account that owns the Sales History schema included in the Oracle Sample Schemas and is only available for Enterprise Edition installations. See also BI, HR, OE, IX and PM.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes – run $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/drop_sch.sql
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/demo/schema/sales_history/sh_main.sql


SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA
Purpose:
o The account that stores the information views for the SQL/MM Still Image Standard. See also ORDPLUGINS and ORDSYS.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ord/admin/ordinst.sql


SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR
Purpose:
o The Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) account. It is used by the Oracle Spatial CSW cache manager to load all record type metadata, and record instances from the database into the main memory for the record types that are cached. See also SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR, MDDATA and MDSYS.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/md/admin/sdocswpv.sql


SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR
Purpose:
o The Web Feature Service (WFS) account. It is used by the Oracle Spatial WFS cache manager to load all feature type metadata, and feature instances from the database into main memory for the feature types that are cached. See also SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR , MDDATA and MDSYS.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/md/admin/sdowfspv.sql


SYS
Purpose:
o An account used to perform. database administration tasks. Password is created at installation or database creation time.
Safe To Remove:
o No
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq. Recover from backup or recreate the database.


SYSMAN
Purpose:
o The account used to perform. Oracle Enterprise Manager database administration tasks. The SYS and SYSTEM accounts can also perform. these tasks. Password is created at installation or database creation time.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o Created as part of the dbconsole or Enterprise Manager build.


SYSTEM
Purpose:
o A default generic database administrator account for Oracle databases. For production systems, Oracle recommends creating individual database administrator accounts and not using the generic SYSTEM account for database administration operations. Password is created at installation or database creation time.
Safe To Remove:
o No
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq. Recover from backup or recreate the database.


WMSYS
Purpose:
o The account used to store the metadata information for Oracle Workspace Manager.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/owmctab.plb


XDB
Purpose:
o The account used for storing Oracle XML DB data and metadata. See also ANONYMOUS.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catqm.sql


XS$NULL
Purpose:
o An internal account that represents the absence of a user in a session. Because XS$NULL is not a user, this account can only be accessed by the Oracle Database instance. XS$NULL has no privileges and no one can authenticate as XS$NULL, nor can authentication credentials ever be assigned to XS$NULL.
Safe To Remove:
o No
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/sql.bsq. Recover from backup or recreate the database.


OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE SCHEMA
The schema listed below are not installed by default, but can be built using the creation script(s) cited and any necessary additional steps as prescribed by the appropriate Oracle manual.


LBACSYS
Purpose:
o The account used to administer Oracle Label Security (OLS). It is created only when the Label Security custom option is installed.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catlbacs.sql


WK_TEST
Purpose:
o The instance administrator for the default instance, WK_INST. After unlocking this account and assigning this user a password, then the cached schema password must also be updated using the administration tool Edit Instance Page. Ultra Search provides uniform. search-and-location capabilities over multiple repositories, such as Oracle databases, other ODBC compliant databases, IMAP mail servers, HTML documents managed by a Web server, files on disk, and more. See also WKSYS
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ultrasearch/admin/wk0csys.sql


WKSYS
Purpose:
o An Ultra Search database super-user. WKSYS can grant super-user privileges to other users, such as WK_TEST. All Oracle Ultra Search database objects are installed in the WKSYS schema. See also WK_TEST
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ultrasearch/admin/wk0csys.sql


WKPROXY
Purpose:
o An administrative account of Application Server Ultra Search.
Safe To Remove:
o Yes
Recreation Script.:
o $ORACLE_HOME/ultrasearch/admin/wk0csys.sql

免责声明:文章转载自《oracle中的用户详解 【转】》仅用于学习参考。如对内容有疑问,请及时联系本站处理。

上篇数据结构:线性表(顺序表)Sql Server来龙去脉系列之四 数据库和文件下篇

宿迁高防,2C2G15M,22元/月;香港BGP,2C5G5M,25元/月 雨云优惠码:MjYwNzM=

相关文章

Java生鲜电商平台-优惠券系统设计详解

Java生鲜电商平台-优惠券系统设计详解 优惠券作为电商最常用的营销手段,对于商家而言可以起到拉新、促活、提高转化的作用,对用户而言也可以获得实惠,今天就来谈谈优惠券系统的设计逻辑。 我对于优惠券系统的理解就是:创建什么样的优惠券,发给哪些人?所以Java生鲜电商平台优惠券系统主要分为两大块:优惠券的创建&优惠券的发放。 优惠券的创建 优惠券的创...

GitLab 后台修改用户密码

GitLab 后台修改用户密码 # 打开控制台 gitlab-rails console production # 找到用户,输入密码,确认密码,保存 user = User.find_by(username: 'zhangsan') user.password = '12345678' user.password_confirmation = '123...

ASP.NET Web Game 构架设计2数据库设计

ASP.NETWebGame构架设计2--数据库设计   前一篇Blog对WebGame服务器的物理结构做了一个简要说明,下面我们对各个组成元素进行详细说明。            首先来看一下数据库设计。            游戏的数据库设计是项目基础设计中很重要的一个环节,下面将说明以下几个要点: u  为什么选用SqlServer u  基本原则...

软件保护

大赛题目的理解: (猜测,为什么要出这样的一道题目)虽然Windows操作系统是目前世界上使用最广泛的操作系统,但是数据的安全存在风险。Linux操作系统的安全性能会比Windows操作系统的高很多,因为Linux操作系统的权限分配会更严格更细致,而且用户间的相互独立性能很好;Linux可以实现跨平台的硬件支持以及可靠的安全性,Linux系统是一个具有先天病...

PB TreeView 属性,事件详解(转)

  本文转自:http://chbin95233.blog.163.com/blog/static/32075111201010573448815/ ■TreeView控件可以以树型方式来组织项目,不仅显示直观、界面友好,而且项目的管理和操作更为方便,是当前比较流行的一个控件。该控件的特点是在较小的空间可以分层次显示大量的数据,并且可以按照用户的要求检索...

性能测试--运行时间设置和迭代次数区别

等理解了这两个概念后,想想也挺容易理解,之前一直被这个困惑。     “运行时间设置”的时间是 LR会持续连续运行脚本的时间,运行次数可以在LR中查看。     “迭代次数设置”的次数 就是以脚本为主,设置了多少次,脚本就会运行多少次;此时运行时间一般设置为运行完成。      如果同时设置迭代次数和持续时间, 那么当时间结束后, 不管迭代次数是否已经到达...