摘要：
Flask的配置对象是字典的一个子类，因此您可以以键值对的形式存储配置。
Flask的配置对象（config）是一个字典(dict)的子类（subclass），所以你可以把配置用键值对的方式存储进去。
1、一些重要的配置，可以设置在系统环境变量里，又或者放到某个服务器里，用的时候下载配置文件并读取配置
#在linux系统里设置环境变量 export MAIL_USERNAME=me@greyli.com #用的时候取环境变量 importos from flask importFlask app = Flask(__name__) app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.getenv('MAIL_USERNAME', 'me@greyli.com') #os.geteve(key,default=None) Get an environment variable, return None if it
# doesn't exist.The optional second argument can specify an alternate default.
2、直接写入主脚本
from flask importFlask app = Flask(__name__) app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'some secret words' app.config['DEBUG'] =True app.config['ITEMS_PER_PAGE'] = 10
或者写成下面的方式：
from flask importFlask app = Flask(__name__) app.config.update( DEBUG=True, SECRET_KEY='some secret words', ITEMS_PER_PAGE=10 )
3、单独的配置文件configure.py
SECRET_KEY = 'some secret words' DEBUG =True ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 10
在创建程序实例后导入配置
importconfig ... app = Flask(__name__) app.config.from_object(configure) ...
4、为开发环境、测试环境、生成环境、预发布环境创建不同的测试类
1 importos 2 basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)) 3 4 5 class BaseConfig: #基本配置类 6 SECRET_KEY = os.getenv('SECRET_KEY', 'some secret words') 7 ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 10 8 9 10 classDevelopmentConfig(BaseConfig): 11 DEBUG =True 12 SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = os.getenv('DEV_DATABASE_URL', 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'data-dev.sqlite') 13 14 15 classTestingConfig(BaseConfig): 16 TESTING =True 17 SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = os.getenv('TEST_DATABASE_URL', 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'data-test.sqlite') 18 WTF_CSRF_ENABLED =False 19 20 21 config ={ 22 'development': DevelopmentConfig, 23 'testing': TestingConfig, 24 25 'default': DevelopmentConfig 26 }
导入配置
from config import config #导入存储配置的字典 ... app = Flask(__name__) app.config.from_object(config['development']) #获取相应的配置类 ...
5、附下flask内置的配置列表
DEBUG | enable/disable debug mode |
TESTING | enable/disable testing mode |
PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS | explicitly enable or disable the propagation of exceptions. If not set or explicitly set toNonethis is implicitly true if eitherTESTINGorDEBUGis true. |
PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION | By default if the application is in debug mode the request context is not popped on exceptions to enable debuggers to introspect the data. This can be disabled by this key. You can also use this setting to force-enable it for non debug execution which might be useful to debug production applications (but also very risky). |
SECRET_KEY | the secret key |
SESSION_COOKIE_NAME | the name of the session cookie |
SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN | the domain for the session cookie. If this is not set, the cookie will be valid for all subdomains ofSERVER_NAME. |
SESSION_COOKIE_PATH | the path for the session cookie. If this is not set the cookie will be valid for all ofAPPLICATION_ROOTor if that is not set for'/'. |
SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY | controls if the cookie should be set with the httponly flag. Defaults toTrue. |
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE | controls if the cookie should be set with the secure flag. Defaults toFalse. |
PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME | the lifetime of a permanent session asdatetime.timedeltaobject. Starting with Flask 0.8 this can also be an integer representing seconds. |
SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST | this flag controls how permanent sessions are refreshed. If set toTrue(which is the default) then the cookie is refreshed each request which automatically bumps the lifetime. If set toFalseaset-cookieheader is only sent if the session is modified. Non permanent sessions are not affected by this. |
USE_X_SENDFILE | enable/disable x-sendfile |
LOGGER_NAME | the name of the logger |
LOGGER_HANDLER_POLICY | the policy of the default logging handler. The default is'always'which means that the default logging handler is always active.'debug'will only activate logging in debug mode,'production'will only log in production and'never'disables it entirely. |
SERVER_NAME | the name and port number of the server. Required for subdomain support (e.g.:'myapp.dev:5000') Note that localhost does not support subdomains so setting this to “localhost” does not help. Setting aSERVER_NAMEalso by default enables URL generation without a request context but with an application context. |
APPLICATION_ROOT | If the application does not occupy a whole domain or subdomain this can be set to the path where the application is configured to live. This is for session cookie as path value. If domains are used, this should beNone. |
MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH | If set to a value in bytes, Flask will reject incoming requests with a content length greater than this by returning a 413 status code. |
SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT | Default cache control max age to use withsend_static_file()(the default static file handler) andsend_file(), asdatetime.timedeltaor as seconds. Override this value on a per-file basis using theget_send_file_max_age()hook onFlaskorBlueprint, respectively. Defaults to 43200 (12 hours). |
TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS | If this is set toTrueFlask will not execute the error handlers of HTTP exceptions but instead treat the exception like any other and bubble it through the exception stack. This is helpful for hairy debugging situations where you have to find out where an HTTP exception is coming from. |
TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS | Werkzeug’s internal data structures that deal with request specific data will raise special key errors that are also bad request exceptions. Likewise many operations can implicitly fail with a BadRequest exception for consistency. Since it’s nice for debugging to know why exactly it failed this flag can be used to debug those situations. If this config is set toTrueyou will get a regular traceback instead. |
PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME | The URL scheme that should be used for URL generation if no URL scheme is available. This defaults tohttp. |
JSON_AS_ASCII | By default Flask serialize object to ascii-encoded JSON. If this is set toFalseFlask will not encode to ASCII and output strings as-is and return unicode strings.jsonifywill automatically encode it inutf-8then for transport for instance. |
JSON_SORT_KEYS | By default Flask will serialize JSON objects in a way that the keys are ordered. This is done in order to ensure that independent of the hash seed of the dictionary the return value will be consistent to not trash external HTTP caches. You can override the default behavior by changing this variable. This is not recommended but might give you a performance improvement on the cost of cachability. |
JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR | If this is set toTrue(the default) jsonify responses will be pretty printed if they are not requested by an XMLHttpRequest object (controlled by theX-Requested-Withheader) |
JSONIFY_MIMETYPE | MIME type used for jsonify responses. |
TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD | Whether to check for modifications of the template source and reload it automatically. By default the value isNonewhich means that Flask checks original file only in debug mode. |
EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING | If this is enabled then every attempt to load a template will write an info message to the logger explaining the attempts to locate the template. This can be useful to figure out why templates cannot be found or wrong templates appear to be loaded. |
参考：1、https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/24055329?refer=flask
2、http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.11/config/#configuration-handling
3、http://www.cnblogs.com/m0m0/p/5624315.html