摘要：
来自：http://blog.csdn.net/hi_box/article/details/40820341首先，使用最常见的表创建语句创建一个表：[java]viewplaincopyhide˃createtabletest（idint，namestring）rowformatdelimitedfieldsterminedby'，'；测试插入：[java]viewplaincopyin
FROM : http://blog.csdn.net/hi_box/article/details/40820341
首先用最普通的建表语句建一个表：
- hive>create table test(id int,name string)row format delimited fields terminated by ',';
测试insert：
- insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2');
结果报错：
- java.io.FileNotFoundException: File does not exist: hdfs://127.0.0.1:9000/home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/
- apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/curator-client-2.6.0.jar
- at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1128)
- at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
- at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81)
- at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1120)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:288)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.getFileStatus(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:224)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestamps(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:99)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.filecache.ClientDistributedCacheManager.determineTimestampsAndCacheVisibilities(ClientDistributedCacheManager.java:57)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:265)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.copyAndConfigureFiles(JobSubmitter.java:301)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:389)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1285)
- at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1282)
- at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
- ......
貌似往hdfs上找jar包了，小问题，直接把lib下的jar包上传到hdfs
- hadoop fs -mkdir -p /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
- hadoop fs -put $HIVE_HOME/lib/* /home/hadoop/git/hive/packaging/target/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/apache-hive-0.14.0-SNAPSHOT-bin/lib/
接着运行insert，没有问题，接下来测试delete
- hive>delete from test where id = 1;
报错！：
FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10294]: Attempt to do update or delete using transaction manager that does not support these operations.
说是在使用的转换管理器不支持update跟delete操作。
原来要支持update操作跟delete操作，必须额外再配置一些东西，见：
根据提示配置hive-site.xml:
- hive.support.concurrency – true
- hive.enforce.bucketing – true
- hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode – nonstrict
- hive.txn.manager – org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.lockmgr.DbTxnManager
- hive.compactor.initiator.on – true
- hive.compactor.worker.threads – 1
配置完以为能够顺利运行了，谁知开始报下面这个错误：
- FAILED: LockException [Error 10280]: Error communicating with the metastore
与元数据库出现了问题，修改log为DEBUG查看具体错误：
- 2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(265)) - Going to execute query <select cq_id,
- cq_database, cq_table, cq_partition, cq_type, cq_run_as from COMPACTION_QUEUE where cq_state = 'r'>
- 2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 ERROR [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(285)) - Unable to select next element for cleaning,
- Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist
- 2014-11-04 14:20:14,367 DEBUG [Thread-8]: txn.CompactionTxnHandler (CompactionTxnHandler.java:findReadyToClean(287)) - Going to rollback
- 2014-11-04 14:20:14,368 ERROR [Thread-8]: compactor.Cleaner (Cleaner.java:run(143)) - Caught an exception in the main loop of compactor cleaner, MetaException(message
- :Unable to connect to transaction database com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'hive.COMPACTION_QUEUE' doesn't exist
- at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor19.newInstance(Unknown Source)
- at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
- at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
- at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:409)
在元数据库中找不到COMPACTION_QUEUE这个表，赶紧去mysql中查看，确实没有这个表。怎么会没有这个表呢？找了很久都没找到什么原因，查源码吧。
在org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.txn下的TxnDbUtil类中找到了建表语句，顺藤摸瓜，找到了下面这个方法会调用建表语句：
- private void checkQFileTestHack() {
- boolean hackOn = HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEST) ||
- HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST);
- if (hackOn) {
- LOG.info("Hacking in canned values for transaction manager");
- // Set up the transaction/locking db in the derby metastore
- TxnDbUtil.setConfValues(conf);
- try {
- TxnDbUtil.prepDb();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- // We may have already created the tables and thus don't need to redo it.
- if (!e.getMessage().contains("already exists")) {
- throw new RuntimeException("Unable to set up transaction database for" +
- " testing: " + e.getMessage());
- }
- }
- }
- }
什么意思呢，就是说要运行建表语句还有一个条件：HIVE_IN_TEST或者HIVE_IN_TEZ_TEST.只有在测试环境中才能用delete，update操作，也可以理解，毕竟还没有开发完全。
终于找到原因，解决方法也很简单：在hive-site.xml中添加下面的配置：
- <property>
- <name>hive.in.test</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
OK,再重新启动服务，再运行delete：
- hive>delete from test where id = 1;
又报错：
- FAILED: SemanticException [Error 10297]: Attempt to do update or delete on table default.test that does not use an AcidOutputFormat or is not bucketed
说是要进行delete操作的表test不是AcidOutputFormat或没有分桶。估计是要求输出是AcidOutputFormat然后必须分桶
网上查到确实如此，而且目前只有ORCFileformat支持AcidOutputFormat，不仅如此建表时必须指定参数('transactional' = true)。感觉太麻烦了。。。。
于是按照网上示例建表：
- hive>create table test(id int ,name string )clustered by (id) into 2 buckets stored as orc TBLPROPERTIES('transactional'='true');
insert
- hive>insert into table test values (1,'row1'),(2,'row2'),(3,'row3');
delete
- hive>delete from test where id = 1;
update
- hive>update test set name = 'Raj' where id = 2;
OK!全部顺利运行，不过貌似效率太低了，基本都要30s左右，估计应该可以优化，再研究研究
最后还有个问题：show tables时报错：
- hive> show tables;
- OK
- tab_name
- Failed with exception java.io.IOException:java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: fcitx-socket-:0
- Time taken: 0.064 seconds
好像跟/tmp/下fcitx-socket-:0文件名有关，待解决。。。