摘要：
AI常用_ CANONNAME；暗示ai_协议=0；//设置协议通常为0。默认为提示。ai_地址=0；//以下内容不能设置为0或NULL提示。ai_ canonname=空；暗示ai_addr=NULL；暗示ai_ next=空；ilRc=getaddrinfo；//如果｛charstr_error[100]；strcpy；printf；return0；｝如果｛printf；｝For（aip=ailist；aip！=NULL；aip=aip-˃ai_next）//显示获取的信息｛aip-˃ai_family==AF_INET6；sinp6=aip-˃ai_addr；//为什么是For循环？首先查找int i；printf；For｛if｛printf（“：”）；｝printf；}printf（“”）；printf（“”）；}同时；}intmain（）｛WORDwVersionRequested；WSADATAwsaData；interr；wVersionRequested=MAKEWORD（1,1）；err=WSAStartup；//启动s2_32.dlland匹配版本if（err！
windows下获取IP地址的两种方法；
一种可以获取IPv4和IPv6，但是需要WSAStartup；
一种只能取到IPv4，但是不需要WSAStartup；
如下：
方法一：(可以获取IPv4和IPv6)
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS #include <Winsock2.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> #include <cstring> #include<ws2tcpip.h> #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib ") //linking to the library using namespace std; int get_ip() { struct addrinfo *ailist, *aip; struct addrinfo hint; struct sockaddr_in6 *sinp6; PHOSTENT hostinfo; char hostname[255] = {0}; //主机名 char *port = "3294"; //端口号 const char *addr; int ilRc; gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)); if((hostinfo = gethostbyname(hostname)) == NULL) //获得本地ipv4地址 { errno = GetLastError(); fprintf(stderr,"gethostbyname Error:%d ", errno); return 1; } LPCSTR ip; while(*(hostinfo->h_addr_list) != NULL) //输出ipv4地址 { ip = inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *) *hostinfo->h_addr_list); printf("ipv4 addr = %s ", ip); hostinfo->h_addr_list++; } hint.ai_family = AF_INET6; //hint 的限定设置 hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; //这里可是设置 socket type 比如 SOCK_DGRAM hint.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; // flags 的标志很多。常用的有AI_CANONNAME; hint.ai_protocol = 0; //设置协议 一般为0，默认 hint.ai_addrlen = 0; //下面不可以设置，为0，或者为NULL hint.ai_canonname = NULL; hint.ai_addr = NULL; hint.ai_next = NULL; ilRc = getaddrinfo(hostname, port, &hint, &ailist); //通过主机名获得地址信息 if (ilRc < 0) { char str_error[100]; strcpy(str_error, (char *)gai_strerror(errno)); printf("str_error = %s", str_error); return 0; } if(ailist == NULL) { printf("sorry not find the IP address,please try again "); } for (aip = ailist; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) //显示获取的信息 { aip->ai_family == AF_INET6; sinp6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)aip->ai_addr; //为什么是for 循环 ，先向下看 int i; printf("ipv6 addr = "); for(i = 0; i < 16; i++) { if(((i-1)%2) && (i>0)) { printf(":"); } printf("%02x",sinp6->sin6_addr.u.Byte[i]); } printf(" "); printf(" "); } while(1); } int main(){ WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );//initiate the ws2_32.dll and match the version if ( err != 0 ) { return 0; } if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 || //if the version is not matched ,then quit and terminate the ws3_32.dll HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) { WSACleanup( ); return 0; } get_ip(); WSACleanup( ); return 0; }
方法二：(只能取到IPv4)
//#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <Iphlpapi.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi.lib") //需要添加Iphlpapi.lib库
//#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//PIP_ADAPTER_INFO结构体指针存储本机网卡信息
PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pIpAdapterInfo = new IP_ADAPTER_INFO();
//得到结构体大小,用于GetAdaptersInfo参数
unsigned long stSize = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
//调用GetAdaptersInfo函数,填充pIpAdapterInfo指针变量;其中stSize参数既是一个输入量也是一个输出量
int nRel = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &stSize);
//记录网卡数量
DWORD netCardNum = 0;
GetNumberOfInterfaces(&netCardNum);
cout << "网卡数量：" << netCardNum<< endl; netCardNum = 0;
//记录每张网卡上的IP地址数量
int IPnumPerNetCard = 0;
if (ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW == nRel)
{
//如果函数返回的是ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW
//则说明GetAdaptersInfo参数传递的内存空间不够,同时其传出stSize,表示需要的空间大小
//这也是说明为什么stSize既是一个输入量也是一个输出量
//释放原来的内存空间
delete pIpAdapterInfo;
//重新申请内存空间用来存储所有网卡信息
pIpAdapterInfo = (PIP_ADAPTER_INFO)new BYTE[stSize];
//再次调用GetAdaptersInfo函数,填充pIpAdapterInfo指针变量
nRel = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &stSize);
}
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nRel)
{
//输出网卡信息
//可能有多网卡,因此通过循环去判断
while (pIpAdapterInfo)
{
cout << "网卡序号：" << ++netCardNum <<" "<<pIpAdapterInfo->Index << endl;
cout << "网卡名称：" << pIpAdapterInfo->AdapterName << endl;
cout << "网卡描述：" << pIpAdapterInfo->Description << endl;
cout << "网卡类型：";
switch (pIpAdapterInfo->Type)
{
case MIB_IF_TYPE_OTHER: cout << "OTHER" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET: cout << "ETHERNET" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_TOKENRING: cout << "TOKENRING" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_FDDI: cout << "FDDI" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_PPP: cout << "PPP" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_LOOPBACK: cout << "LOOPBACK" << endl; break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_SLIP: cout << "SLIP" << endl; break;
default: cout << "" << endl; break;
}
cout << "网卡MAC地址：";
for (DWORD i = 0; i < pIpAdapterInfo->AddressLength; i++)
if (i < pIpAdapterInfo->AddressLength - 1)
{
printf("%02X-", pIpAdapterInfo->Address[i]);
}
else
{
printf("%02X
", pIpAdapterInfo->Address[i]);
}
cout << "网卡IP地址如下：" << endl;
IPnumPerNetCard = 0;
//可能网卡有多IP,因此通过循环去判断
IP_ADDR_STRING *pIpAddrString = &(pIpAdapterInfo->IpAddressList);
do
{
cout << "该网卡上的IP数量：" << ++IPnumPerNetCard << endl;
cout << "IP 地址：" << pIpAddrString->IpAddress.String << endl;
cout << "子网掩码：" << pIpAddrString->IpMask.String << endl;
cout << "网关地址：" << pIpAdapterInfo->GatewayList.IpAddress.String << endl;
pIpAddrString = pIpAddrString->Next;
} while (pIpAddrString);
pIpAdapterInfo = pIpAdapterInfo->Next;
cout << "--------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
}
}
//释放内存空间
if (pIpAdapterInfo)
{
delete pIpAdapterInfo;
}
return 0;
}